{"meta":{"id":1,"schema_version":"1.5.0","data_version":"2026.06.20","last_full_review":"2026-06-19","notes":"Planner + Risk-assessment builder, worked examples, nation-aware advice (Scotland), offline/PWA, accessibility, feedback and About. Full planner spine, Staffing/Sanitation, timeline, Event pack, guide, levels, Advisor, HSG195 Medical. Jurisdiction-aware (GB/E&W/Scotland)."},"generated_note":"Reference data distilled from public/official UK sources. NOT legal advice.","legislation":[{"id":11,"short_name":"Gross negligence manslaughter","full_title":"Gross negligence manslaughter (common law)","year":null,"instrument":"common_law","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"E&W","enforcer":"Police / CPS","summary":"Individual criminal liability where a grossly negligent breach of a duty of care causes death.","url":null},{"id":4,"short_name":"OLA 1957","full_title":"Occupiers' Liability Act 1957","year":1957,"instrument":"act","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"E&W","enforcer":"Civil courts","summary":"Duty of care owed by occupiers to lawful visitors for the state of the premises.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Eliz2/5-6/31"},{"id":5,"short_name":"OLA 1984","full_title":"Occupiers' Liability Act 1984","year":1984,"instrument":"act","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"E&W","enforcer":"Civil courts","summary":"Extends a limited duty of care to non-visitors (e.g. trespassers) re. known dangers.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1984/3"},{"id":51,"short_name":"Alcohol at Sport 1985","full_title":"Sporting Events (Control of Alcohol etc.) Act 1985","year":1985,"instrument":"act","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"E&W","enforcer":"Police","summary":"Controls alcohol at designated sporting events/transport.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1985/57"},{"id":6,"short_name":"Licensing Act 2003","full_title":"Licensing Act 2003","year":2003,"instrument":"act","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"E&W","enforcer":"Licensing Authority","summary":"Regulates licensable activities against four objectives incl. public safety.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/17"},{"id":3,"short_name":"RRFSO 2005","full_title":"Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005","year":2005,"instrument":"order","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"E&W","enforcer":"Fire & Rescue Authority","summary":"Places fire-safety duties on a \"Responsible Person\", incl. fire risk assessment, means of escape and evacuation.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/1541"},{"id":53,"short_name":"Animal Welfare 2006","full_title":"Animal Welfare Act 2006","year":2006,"instrument":"act","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"E&W","enforcer":"Local Authority / APHA","summary":"Welfare duty where animals are present/used at events.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/45"},{"id":49,"short_name":"SSGA 1975","full_title":"Safety of Sports Grounds Act 1975","year":1975,"instrument":"act","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"GB","enforcer":"Local Authority / SGSA","summary":"General safety certificates for designated sports grounds.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1975/52"},{"id":47,"short_name":"First-Aid Regs 1981","full_title":"Health and Safety (First-Aid) Regulations 1981","year":1981,"instrument":"regulation","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"GB","enforcer":"HSE","summary":"Adequate first-aid provision for workers (event-attendee cover adds to this).","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1981/917"},{"id":50,"short_name":"FSSPSA 1987","full_title":"Fire Safety and Safety of Places of Sport Act 1987","year":1987,"instrument":"act","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"GB","enforcer":"Local Authority","summary":"Safety certificates for stands at sports grounds.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1987/27"},{"id":34,"short_name":"EAWR 1989","full_title":"Electricity at Work Regulations 1989","year":1989,"instrument":"regulation","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"GB","enforcer":"HSE","summary":"Safe electrical systems, generators, distribution and temporary supplies.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1989/635"},{"id":31,"short_name":"Food Safety Act 1990","full_title":"Food Safety Act 1990","year":1990,"instrument":"act","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"GB","enforcer":"Local Authority (EHO)","summary":"Core food safety offences; underpins catering at events.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1990/16"},{"id":46,"short_name":"EPA 1990","full_title":"Environmental Protection Act 1990","year":1990,"instrument":"act","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"GB","enforcer":"Local Authority / SEPA","summary":"Statutory nuisance (noise/light), waste duty of care.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1990/43"},{"id":37,"short_name":"MHOR 1992","full_title":"Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992","year":1992,"instrument":"regulation","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"GB","enforcer":"HSE","summary":"Avoid/assess/reduce manual handling risk in build & break.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1992/2793"},{"id":54,"short_name":"Safety Signs 1996","full_title":"Health and Safety (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations 1996","year":1996,"instrument":"regulation","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"GB","enforcer":"HSE","summary":"Standardised safety signage and signals.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1996/341"},{"id":35,"short_name":"PUWER 1998","full_title":"Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998","year":1998,"instrument":"regulation","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"GB","enforcer":"HSE","summary":"Work equipment suitable, maintained, inspected (rides, plant, tools).","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/2306"},{"id":36,"short_name":"LOLER 1998","full_title":"Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998","year":1998,"instrument":"regulation","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"GB","enforcer":"HSE","summary":"Rigging, hoists, forklifts: thorough examination and safe lifting.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/2307"},{"id":48,"short_name":"Gas Safety 1998","full_title":"Gas Safety (Installation and Use) Regulations 1998","year":1998,"instrument":"regulation","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"GB","enforcer":"HSE","summary":"LPG catering installations by competent (Gas Safe) persons.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/2451"},{"id":43,"short_name":"PSIA 2001","full_title":"Private Security Industry Act 2001","year":2001,"instrument":"act","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"GB","enforcer":"SIA","summary":"Licensing of security operatives; door supervision and guarding.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2001/12"},{"id":38,"short_name":"COSHH 2002","full_title":"Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002","year":2002,"instrument":"regulation","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"GB","enforcer":"HSE","summary":"Control exposure to hazardous substances (fuels, cleaning, CO2, dust).","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2677"},{"id":41,"short_name":"DSEAR 2002","full_title":"Dangerous Substances and Explosive Atmospheres Regulations 2002","year":2002,"instrument":"regulation","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"GB","enforcer":"HSE","summary":"LPG, fuels, pyrotechnics: control of fire/explosion risk.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2776"},{"id":33,"short_name":"Noise at Work 2005","full_title":"Control of Noise at Work Regulations 2005","year":2005,"instrument":"regulation","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"GB","enforcer":"HSE","summary":"Protects WORKERS (crew/stewards) from noise; action values 80/85 dB(A).","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/1643"},{"id":40,"short_name":"WAHR 2005","full_title":"Work at Height Regulations 2005","year":2005,"instrument":"regulation","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"GB","enforcer":"HSE","summary":"Planning and control of work at height: rigging, towers, roof work.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/735"},{"id":30,"short_name":"Equality Act 2010","full_title":"Equality Act 2010","year":2010,"instrument":"act","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"GB","enforcer":"EHRC / civil courts","summary":"Duty to make reasonable adjustments for disabled persons; accessibility of events and facilities.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2010/15"},{"id":42,"short_name":"Explosives Regs 2014","full_title":"Explosives Regulations 2014","year":2014,"instrument":"regulation","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"GB","enforcer":"HSE","summary":"Storage and use of fireworks and pyrotechnics.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2014/1638"},{"id":39,"short_name":"PPER 2022","full_title":"Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 2022","year":2022,"instrument":"regulation","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"GB","enforcer":"HSE","summary":"Provision/use of PPE for workers and limb (b) workers.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2022/8"},{"id":64,"short_name":"OL(Scotland) 1960","full_title":"Occupiers' Liability (Scotland) Act 1960","year":1960,"instrument":"act","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"Scotland","enforcer":"Civil courts","summary":"Occupier duty of care in Scotland (counterpart to OLA 1957/1984).","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/Eliz2/8-9/30"},{"id":63,"short_name":"Civic Government (Scotland) 1982","full_title":"Civic Government (Scotland) Act 1982","year":1982,"instrument":"act","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"Scotland","enforcer":"Local Authority","summary":"Public entertainment / temporary public entertainment licences in Scotland.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1982/45"},{"id":60,"short_name":"Fire (Scotland) Act 2005","full_title":"Fire (Scotland) Act 2005","year":2005,"instrument":"act","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"Scotland","enforcer":"SFRS / Local Authority","summary":"Scottish fire-safety duty-holder regime (the Scottish counterpart to the RRFSO 2005).","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2005/5"},{"id":62,"short_name":"Licensing (Scotland) 2005","full_title":"Licensing (Scotland) Act 2005","year":2005,"instrument":"act","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"Scotland","enforcer":"Licensing Board","summary":"Alcohol licensing in Scotland (counterpart to Licensing Act 2003).","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2005/16"},{"id":61,"short_name":"Fire Safety (Scotland) Regs 2006","full_title":"Fire Safety (Scotland) Regulations 2006","year":2006,"instrument":"regulation","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"Scotland","enforcer":"SFRS","summary":"Detailed fire safety duties for relevant premises in Scotland.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ssi/2006/456"},{"id":1,"short_name":"HSWA 1974","full_title":"Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974","year":1974,"instrument":"act","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"UK","enforcer":"HSE / Local Authority","summary":"The backbone of UK H&S law. General duties on employers, employees and the self-employed to protect workers and the public.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1974/37"},{"id":2,"short_name":"MHSWR 1999","full_title":"Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999","year":1999,"instrument":"regulation","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"UK","enforcer":"HSE / Local Authority","summary":"Requires risk assessment and the appointment of competent persons to manage H&S.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3242"},{"id":44,"short_name":"CCA 2004","full_title":"Civil Contingencies Act 2004","year":2004,"instrument":"act","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"UK","enforcer":"Cabinet Office / LRF","summary":"Emergency planning duties on responders; major-incident framework.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/36"},{"id":8,"short_name":"CMCHA 2007","full_title":"Corporate Manslaughter and Corporate Homicide Act 2007","year":2007,"instrument":"act","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"UK","enforcer":"Police / CPS","summary":"Allows prosecution of an organisation where a gross management failure causes death.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2007/19"},{"id":10,"short_name":"RIDDOR 2013","full_title":"Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 2013","year":2013,"instrument":"regulation","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"UK","enforcer":"HSE / Local Authority","summary":"Duty to report specified workplace injuries, diseases and dangerous occurrences.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2013/1471"},{"id":32,"short_name":"Food Info Regs 2014","full_title":"Food Information Regulations 2014","year":2014,"instrument":"regulation","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"UK","enforcer":"Local Authority (EHO)","summary":"Allergen information requirements for food sold at events.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2014/1855"},{"id":7,"short_name":"CDM 2015","full_title":"Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015","year":2015,"instrument":"regulation","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"UK","enforcer":"HSE","summary":"Applies to construction work incl. build/break of stages, marquees and temporary demountable structures.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2015/51"},{"id":52,"short_name":"ANO 2016","full_title":"Air Navigation Order 2016 / CAP 722","year":2016,"instrument":"order","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"UK","enforcer":"CAA","summary":"Drone (UAS) operations, displays and overflight permissions.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2016/765"},{"id":45,"short_name":"DPA 2018","full_title":"Data Protection Act 2018 / UK GDPR","year":2018,"instrument":"act","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"UK","enforcer":"ICO","summary":"CCTV, ANPR, ticketing and attendee data processing.","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2018/12"},{"id":9,"short_name":"Martyn's Law 2025","full_title":"Terrorism (Protection of Premises) Act 2025","year":2025,"instrument":"act","is_law":1,"jurisdiction":"UK","enforcer":"SIA (designated regulator)","summary":"Requires qualifying premises/events to take counter-terrorism preparedness measures (tiered by capacity).","url":"https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2025"},{"id":72,"short_name":"Noise Council Code 1995","full_title":"Code of Practice on Environmental Noise Control at Concerts (Pop Code)","year":1995,"instrument":"guidance","is_law":0,"jurisdiction":"UK","enforcer":"Local Authority (EHO)","summary":"Primary UK guidance on music noise at concerts/outdoor events.","url":"https://www.cieh.org"},{"id":21,"short_name":"HSG195","full_title":"HSG195 The Event Safety Guide (2nd ed.)","year":1999,"instrument":"guidance","is_law":0,"jurisdiction":"UK","enforcer":"HSE (withdrawn)","summary":"Original HSE \"Purple Guide\"; now withdrawn/superseded but free legacy reference on principles.","url":"https://www.hse.gov.uk"},{"id":70,"short_name":"HSG154","full_title":"HSG154 Managing crowds safely","year":2000,"instrument":"guidance","is_law":0,"jurisdiction":"UK","enforcer":"HSE","summary":"HSE guidance on crowd management planning.","url":"https://www.hse.gov.uk"},{"id":20,"short_name":"Purple Guide","full_title":"The Purple Guide to Health, Safety and Welfare at Music and Other Events","year":2014,"instrument":"guidance","is_law":0,"jurisdiction":"UK","enforcer":"Events Industry Forum","summary":"Industry-standard guidance for outdoor/music events. Subscription resource; departure must be justified.","url":"https://www.thepurpleguide.co.uk"},{"id":71,"short_name":"INDG163","full_title":"INDG163 Risk assessment: a brief guide","year":2014,"instrument":"guidance","is_law":0,"jurisdiction":"UK","enforcer":"HSE","summary":"HSE brief guide to controlling risks / risk assessment.","url":"https://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg163.htm"},{"id":75,"short_name":"JESIP","full_title":"Joint Emergency Services Interoperability Principles","year":2016,"instrument":"guidance","is_law":0,"jurisdiction":"UK","enforcer":"JESIP","summary":"Multi-agency major-incident working principles.","url":"https://www.jesip.org.uk"},{"id":73,"short_name":"IStructE TDS","full_title":"Temporary Demountable Structures: guidance on procurement, design and use (4th ed.)","year":2017,"instrument":"guidance","is_law":0,"jurisdiction":"UK","enforcer":"Institution of Structural Engineers","summary":"Industry standard for stages, marquees, grandstands, barriers, towers.","url":"https://www.istructe.org"},{"id":22,"short_name":"Green Guide","full_title":"Guide to Safety at Sports Grounds (Green Guide, 6th ed.)","year":2018,"instrument":"guidance","is_law":0,"jurisdiction":"UK","enforcer":"Sports Grounds Safety Authority","summary":"Authoritative guidance on crowd capacity, ingress/egress and structures at grounds; widely used for events.","url":"https://sgsa.org.uk"},{"id":74,"short_name":"NaCTSO / ProtectUK","full_title":"Crowded Places / Protective Security guidance (NaCTSO, ProtectUK)","year":2024,"instrument":"guidance","is_law":0,"jurisdiction":"UK","enforcer":"NaCTSO / Counter Terrorism Policing","summary":"Counter-terrorism protective security guidance for crowded places.","url":"https://www.protectuk.police.uk"}],"duties":[{"id":112,"legislation":"CDM 2015","jurisdiction":"UK","reference":"Reg 4-15","title":"Construction duties","description":"Duties on client, designers, principal contractor and contractors for construction work; larger builds are notifiable.","who_owes":"Client/PC/contractors","who_protected":"Workers & public","so_relevance":"Stage/marquee/rigging build & break is \"construction\" — competence and structure sign-off."},{"id":113,"legislation":"CMCHA 2007","jurisdiction":"UK","reference":"s.1","title":"Corporate manslaughter","description":"Organisation guilty if the way activities are managed/organised causes death and amounts to a gross breach.","who_owes":"Organisation","who_protected":"Anyone","so_relevance":"Organisational, not individual — but management failures around safety planning are the trigger."},{"id":116,"legislation":"Gross negligence manslaughter","jurisdiction":"E&W","reference":null,"title":"Gross negligence manslaughter","description":"Personal criminal liability where grossly negligent breach of a duty of care causes death.","who_owes":"Individual","who_protected":"—","so_relevance":"Worst-case personal exposure where a known risk within authority was not acted on."},{"id":101,"legislation":"HSWA 1974","jurisdiction":"UK","reference":"s.2","title":"Duty to employees","description":"Ensure, so far as reasonably practicable, the H&S of employees incl. crew, stewards and contractors under your direction.","who_owes":"Employer","who_protected":"Employees/crew","so_relevance":"Safety officer typically owns the systems that discharge this for event staff."},{"id":102,"legislation":"HSWA 1974","jurisdiction":"UK","reference":"s.3","title":"Duty to non-employees (the public)","description":"Conduct the undertaking so persons not in your employment — i.e. attendees/public — are not exposed to risk.","who_owes":"Employer / self-employed","who_protected":"Public / attendees","so_relevance":"The central event-safety duty: crowd, structures, fire, traffic all engage s.3."},{"id":103,"legislation":"HSWA 1974","jurisdiction":"UK","reference":"s.7","title":"Duty of every employee","description":"Take reasonable care for own and others' safety and co-operate with the employer on H&S.","who_owes":"Every employee","who_protected":"Self and others","so_relevance":"Direct personal duty on the safety officer as an employee."},{"id":104,"legislation":"HSWA 1974","jurisdiction":"UK","reference":"s.37","title":"Liability of directors/managers","description":"Where an offence is committed with the consent, connivance or neglect of a director, manager or similar officer, that person is also guilty.","who_owes":"Directors/managers/officers","who_protected":"—","so_relevance":"A senior safety officer with genuine decision authority can be personally prosecuted."},{"id":111,"legislation":"Licensing Act 2003","jurisdiction":"E&W","reference":"s.4","title":"Licensing objectives","description":"Promote the four objectives: public safety; prevention of crime & disorder; prevention of public nuisance; protection of children from harm.","who_owes":"Licence holder / DPS","who_protected":"Public","so_relevance":"Safety officer typically owns the public-safety licence conditions; breach is an offence."},{"id":105,"legislation":"MHSWR 1999","jurisdiction":"UK","reference":"Reg 3","title":"Risk assessment","description":"Carry out a suitable and sufficient assessment of risks to employees and others.","who_owes":"Employer","who_protected":"Employees & public","so_relevance":"Safety officer normally authors/owns the event risk assessment."},{"id":106,"legislation":"MHSWR 1999","jurisdiction":"UK","reference":"Reg 7","title":"Competent persons","description":"Appoint one or more competent persons to assist in complying with H&S law.","who_owes":"Employer","who_protected":"—","so_relevance":"The Event Safety Officer is usually THE competent person — competence is itself a legal expectation."},{"id":114,"legislation":"Martyn's Law 2025","jurisdiction":"UK","reference":"Tiered","title":"Counter-terrorism preparedness","description":"Qualifying premises/events must take reasonably practicable measures to reduce vulnerability/harm from terrorism (standard vs enhanced tier by capacity).","who_owes":"Responsible Person (premises/event)","who_protected":"Public","so_relevance":"Increasingly part of the safety officer remit: risk assessment, plans, training."},{"id":109,"legislation":"OLA 1957","jurisdiction":"E&W","reference":"s.2","title":"Common duty of care","description":"Take such care as is reasonable to see visitors are reasonably safe using the premises.","who_owes":"Occupier","who_protected":"Lawful visitors","so_relevance":"Site/premises state — trip hazards, surfaces, barriers."},{"id":110,"legislation":"OLA 1984","jurisdiction":"E&W","reference":"s.1","title":"Duty to non-visitors","description":"Limited duty re. known dangers to persons other than visitors.","who_owes":"Occupier","who_protected":"Trespassers/others","so_relevance":"Perimeter, water, height, plant left on site."},{"id":115,"legislation":"RIDDOR 2013","jurisdiction":"UK","reference":"Reg 4-6","title":"Report specified events","description":"Report deaths, specified injuries, over-7-day incapacitation and dangerous occurrences.","who_owes":"Responsible person (duty holder)","who_protected":"—","so_relevance":"Safety officer flags/records RIDDOR-reportable incidents from the log."},{"id":107,"legislation":"RRFSO 2005","jurisdiction":"E&W","reference":"Art 9","title":"Fire risk assessment","description":"The Responsible Person must make a suitable and sufficient assessment of fire risks.","who_owes":"Responsible Person","who_protected":"Relevant persons","so_relevance":"Safety officer commonly executes this: exits, capacity, signage, stewarding."},{"id":108,"legislation":"RRFSO 2005","jurisdiction":"E&W","reference":"Art 14","title":"Emergency routes and exits","description":"Ensure routes and exits to a place of safety are kept clear and adequate.","who_owes":"Responsible Person","who_protected":"Relevant persons","so_relevance":"Drives egress capacity and crowd-flow planning."}],"liability":[{"role":"Competent Person","legislation":"MHSWR 1999","reference":"Reg 7","duty":"Competent persons","nature":"primary","personal_liability":0,"safety_officer_relevance":"The Event Safety Officer is usually THE competent person — competence is itself a legal expectation."},{"role":"Competent Person","legislation":"MHSWR 1999","reference":"Reg 3","duty":"Risk assessment","nature":"delegated","personal_liability":0,"safety_officer_relevance":"Safety officer normally authors/owns the event risk assessment."},{"role":"Contractor / Principal Contractor","legislation":"CDM 2015","reference":"Reg 4-15","duty":"Construction duties","nature":"primary","personal_liability":1,"safety_officer_relevance":"Stage/marquee/rigging build & break is \"construction\" — competence and structure sign-off."},{"role":"Contractor / Principal Contractor","legislation":"HSWA 1974","reference":"s.7","duty":"Duty of every employee","nature":"primary","personal_liability":1,"safety_officer_relevance":"Direct personal duty on the safety officer as an employee."},{"role":"Event Organiser","legislation":"CMCHA 2007","reference":"s.1","duty":"Corporate manslaughter","nature":"primary","personal_liability":0,"safety_officer_relevance":"Organisational, not individual — but management failures around safety planning are the trigger."},{"role":"Event Organiser","legislation":"HSWA 1974","reference":"s.2","duty":"Duty to employees","nature":"primary","personal_liability":0,"safety_officer_relevance":"Safety officer typically owns the systems that discharge this for event staff."},{"role":"Event Organiser","legislation":"HSWA 1974","reference":"s.3","duty":"Duty to non-employees (the public)","nature":"primary","personal_liability":0,"safety_officer_relevance":"The central event-safety duty: crowd, structures, fire, traffic all engage s.3."},{"role":"Event Organiser","legislation":"Licensing Act 2003","reference":"s.4","duty":"Licensing objectives","nature":"primary","personal_liability":0,"safety_officer_relevance":"Safety officer typically owns the public-safety licence conditions; breach is an offence."},{"role":"Event Organiser","legislation":"MHSWR 1999","reference":"Reg 3","duty":"Risk assessment","nature":"primary","personal_liability":0,"safety_officer_relevance":"Safety officer normally authors/owns the event risk assessment."},{"role":"Event Organiser","legislation":"MHSWR 1999","reference":"Reg 7","duty":"Competent persons","nature":"primary","personal_liability":0,"safety_officer_relevance":"The Event Safety Officer is usually THE competent person — competence is itself a legal expectation."},{"role":"Event Safety Officer","legislation":"Gross negligence manslaughter","reference":null,"duty":"Gross negligence manslaughter","nature":"contributory","personal_liability":1,"safety_officer_relevance":"Worst-case personal exposure where a known risk within authority was not acted on."},{"role":"Event Safety Officer","legislation":"HSWA 1974","reference":"s.7","duty":"Duty of every employee","nature":"primary","personal_liability":1,"safety_officer_relevance":"Direct personal duty on the safety officer as an employee."},{"role":"Event Safety Officer","legislation":"HSWA 1974","reference":"s.37","duty":"Liability of directors/managers","nature":"contributory","personal_liability":1,"safety_officer_relevance":"A senior safety officer with genuine decision authority can be personally prosecuted."},{"role":"Event Safety Officer","legislation":"MHSWR 1999","reference":"Reg 3","duty":"Risk assessment","nature":"delegated","personal_liability":0,"safety_officer_relevance":"Safety officer normally authors/owns the event risk assessment."},{"role":"Event Safety Officer","legislation":"MHSWR 1999","reference":"Reg 7","duty":"Competent persons","nature":"delegated","personal_liability":0,"safety_officer_relevance":"The Event Safety Officer is usually THE competent person — competence is itself a legal expectation."},{"role":"Event Safety Officer","legislation":"Martyn's Law 2025","reference":"Tiered","duty":"Counter-terrorism preparedness","nature":"delegated","personal_liability":0,"safety_officer_relevance":"Increasingly part of the safety officer remit: risk assessment, plans, training."},{"role":"Event Safety Officer","legislation":"RRFSO 2005","reference":"Art 9","duty":"Fire risk assessment","nature":"delegated","personal_liability":0,"safety_officer_relevance":"Safety officer commonly executes this: exits, capacity, signage, stewarding."},{"role":"Licence Holder / DPS","legislation":"Licensing Act 2003","reference":"s.4","duty":"Licensing objectives","nature":"primary","personal_liability":1,"safety_officer_relevance":"Safety officer typically owns the public-safety licence conditions; breach is an offence."},{"role":"Occupier","legislation":"OLA 1957","reference":"s.2","duty":"Common duty of care","nature":"primary","personal_liability":0,"safety_officer_relevance":"Site/premises state — trip hazards, surfaces, barriers."},{"role":"Occupier","legislation":"OLA 1984","reference":"s.1","duty":"Duty to non-visitors","nature":"primary","personal_liability":0,"safety_officer_relevance":"Perimeter, water, height, plant left on site."},{"role":"Responsible Person (Fire)","legislation":"Martyn's Law 2025","reference":"Tiered","duty":"Counter-terrorism preparedness","nature":"primary","personal_liability":0,"safety_officer_relevance":"Increasingly part of the safety officer remit: risk assessment, plans, training."},{"role":"Responsible Person (Fire)","legislation":"RRFSO 2005","reference":"Art 9","duty":"Fire risk assessment","nature":"primary","personal_liability":0,"safety_officer_relevance":"Safety officer commonly executes this: exits, capacity, signage, stewarding."},{"role":"Responsible Person (Fire)","legislation":"RRFSO 2005","reference":"Art 14","duty":"Emergency routes and exits","nature":"primary","personal_liability":0,"safety_officer_relevance":"Drives egress capacity and crowd-flow planning."},{"role":"Steward / SIA Security","legislation":"HSWA 1974","reference":"s.7","duty":"Duty of every employee","nature":"primary","personal_liability":1,"safety_officer_relevance":"Direct personal duty on the safety officer as an employee."}],"roles":[{"id":1,"name":"Event Organiser","description":"The promoter/employer running the event; primary legal duty-holder.","is_statutory":0},{"id":2,"name":"Event Safety Officer","description":"Appointed competent person responsible for safety planning and on-the-day safety management.","is_statutory":0},{"id":3,"name":"Competent Person","description":"MHSWR Reg 7 appointee assisting compliance (often the same as the Safety Officer).","is_statutory":0},{"id":4,"name":"Responsible Person (Fire)","description":"Duty-holder under the Fire Safety Order.","is_statutory":1},{"id":5,"name":"Occupier","description":"Person in control of the premises/site.","is_statutory":0},{"id":6,"name":"Licence Holder / DPS","description":"Premises licence holder / Designated Premises Supervisor.","is_statutory":1},{"id":7,"name":"Steward / SIA Security","description":"Stewards and SIA-licensed security staff.","is_statutory":0},{"id":8,"name":"Contractor / Principal Contractor","description":"Build/break and specialist contractors under CDM.","is_statutory":1}],"hazards":[{"id":31,"category":"Accessibility","name":"Inaccessible facilities","description":"Disabled attendees unable to access/egress safely.","typical_controls":"Reasonable adjustments; viewing platforms; accessible WCs/routes; PEEPs.","legislation":"Equality Act 2010","severity_potential":"moderate"},{"id":30,"category":"Amusements","name":"Fairground rides / inflatables","description":"Ride and inflatable failure or misuse.","typical_controls":"ADIPS/PIPA inspection; anchorage; operator competence; wind limits.","legislation":"PUWER 1998","severity_potential":"high"},{"id":33,"category":"Animals","name":"Animals at events","description":"Injury, zoonoses, escape, welfare.","typical_controls":"Welfare plan; barriers; handwashing; competent handlers.","legislation":"Animal Welfare 2006","severity_potential":"moderate"},{"id":34,"category":"Aviation","name":"Drones / UAS","description":"Unauthorised or display drone overflight.","typical_controls":"CAA permissions; flight plan; geofencing; counter-UAS for hostile.","legislation":"ANO 2016 / CAP 722","severity_potential":"moderate"},{"id":1,"category":"Crowd","name":"Crowd crush / progressive collapse","description":"Build-up of density at pinch points, barriers or exits leading to compressive asphyxia.","typical_controls":"Capacity limits; density monitoring; flow modelling; pinch-point design; stewarding; show-stop; one-way systems.","legislation":"HSWA s.3; Green Guide; HSG154","severity_potential":"catastrophic"},{"id":3,"category":"Crowd","name":"Egress failure","description":"Insufficient/blocked exits prolong evacuation.","typical_controls":"Exit width to flow-rate calc; keep clear; signage/lighting; marshalled routes.","legislation":"RRFSO Art 14; Green Guide","severity_potential":"catastrophic"},{"id":2,"category":"Crowd","name":"Surge towards stage","description":"Forward/lateral surges at barriers during performances.","typical_controls":"Front-of-stage barrier (load-rated); pit teams; gaps; crowd-spotting; act-stop protocol.","legislation":"HSWA s.3; IStructE TDS","severity_potential":"high"},{"id":35,"category":"Data","name":"Data / privacy","description":"CCTV, ANPR and ticketing personal data.","typical_controls":"DPIA; signage; retention limits; lawful basis.","legislation":"DPA 2018","severity_potential":"low"},{"id":6,"category":"Electrical","name":"Temporary supply / generator","description":"Shock, fire or electrocution from temporary distribution.","typical_controls":"Competent install; RCDs; IP-rated kit; cable management; PAT/inspection; isolation.","legislation":"EAWR 1989","severity_potential":"high"},{"id":5,"category":"Fire","name":"LPG / catering fire","description":"Gas catering leak or flare-up.","typical_controls":"Gas Safe install; bottle separation; flashback arrestors; extinguishers; DSEAR assessment.","legislation":"Gas Safety 1998; DSEAR 2002","severity_potential":"high"},{"id":4,"category":"Fire","name":"Structure / marquee fire","description":"Ignition of fabric, decor, or services.","typical_controls":"Fire-retardant materials; ignition source control; extinguishers; exits; FRA.","legislation":"RRFSO 2005 / Fire (Scotland) Act 2005","severity_potential":"high"},{"id":27,"category":"Height","name":"Work at height","description":"Rigging, towers, roof and ladder work.","typical_controls":"WAH plan; competent riggers; harnesses; edge protection; exclusion below.","legislation":"WAHR 2005","severity_potential":"high"},{"id":28,"category":"Lifting","name":"Lifting operations","description":"Cranes, hoists, forklifts in build.","typical_controls":"LOLER exams; lift plan; appointed person; exclusion zones.","legislation":"LOLER 1998; PUWER","severity_potential":"high"},{"id":22,"category":"Medical","name":"Drugs and alcohol","description":"Intoxication-related collapse and behaviour.","typical_controls":"Welfare; medical; search policy; amnesty bins; messaging.","legislation":"Purple Guide Medical","severity_potential":"moderate"},{"id":21,"category":"Medical","name":"Mass-casualty / illness surge","description":"Spike in casualties from incident, drugs or heat.","typical_controls":"Medical plan to Purple Guide; surge capacity; ambulance access; hospital liaison.","legislation":"First-Aid Regs 1981; Purple Guide Medical","severity_potential":"high"},{"id":17,"category":"Noise","name":"Audience hearing damage","description":"Sustained high SPL to the audience.","typical_controls":"SPL management; FOH limits; warnings; earplugs availability.","legislation":"Purple Guide Noise","severity_potential":"moderate"},{"id":19,"category":"Noise","name":"Environmental noise / nuisance","description":"Off-site disturbance to residents.","typical_controls":"Pop Code limits at MNL; directional PA; curfew; monitoring; liaison.","legislation":"Noise Council Code 1995; EPA 1990","severity_potential":"moderate"},{"id":18,"category":"Noise","name":"Worker noise exposure","description":"Crew exposed above action values.","typical_controls":"Exposure assessment; rotation; hearing protection; zoning.","legislation":"Noise at Work 2005","severity_potential":"moderate"},{"id":15,"category":"Pyro","name":"Fireworks / pyrotechnics","description":"Burns, fire, debris, misfire.","typical_controls":"Competent operator; exclusion zones; firing plan; fallout assessment; fire cover.","legislation":"Explosives Regs 2014; DSEAR","severity_potential":"high"},{"id":16,"category":"Pyro","name":"Special effects (flame/CO2/lasers)","description":"Stage FX hazards incl. laser eye safety.","typical_controls":"Method statement; competent operator; CO2 ventilation; laser zoning/CDRH.","legislation":"DSEAR; COSHH","severity_potential":"high"},{"id":24,"category":"Safeguarding","name":"Child welfare / exploitation","description":"Risks to children and young people.","typical_controls":"Safeguarding policy; DBS-checked roles; reporting routes.","legislation":"Safeguarding Children guidance","severity_potential":"high"},{"id":23,"category":"Safeguarding","name":"Missing / found child","description":"Child separated from carer.","typical_controls":"Missing-and-found-child policy; reunification point; ID wristbands; vetted staff.","legislation":"Safeguarding; Animal/Child guidance","severity_potential":"moderate"},{"id":25,"category":"Security","name":"Crime & disorder","description":"Violence, theft, anti-social behaviour.","typical_controls":"SIA security; CCTV; ejection policy; police liaison; alcohol controls.","legislation":"PSIA 2001; Licensing","severity_potential":"moderate"},{"id":26,"category":"Security","name":"Terrorism (MTA / IED / marauding)","description":"Marauding attack, device or vehicle.","typical_controls":"Threat assessment; search/screening; HVM; comms; invacuation/lockdown; staff training.","legislation":"Martyn's Law 2025; NaCTSO","severity_potential":"catastrophic"},{"id":12,"category":"Slips/Trips","name":"Slips, trips and falls","description":"Uneven ground, cables, wet surfaces.","typical_controls":"Cable ramps; matting; lighting; housekeeping; signage.","legislation":"HSWA s.2/s.3","severity_potential":"moderate"},{"id":7,"category":"Structural","name":"Stage / grandstand collapse","description":"Overload, wind or build failure of temporary structures.","typical_controls":"IStructE-compliant design; loading limits; independent inspection; wind management plan.","legislation":"IStructE TDS; CDM 2015","severity_potential":"catastrophic"},{"id":29,"category":"Substances","name":"Hazardous substances","description":"Fuels, CO2, cleaning agents, dust.","typical_controls":"COSHH assessment; storage; ventilation; PPE; spill kit.","legislation":"COSHH 2002","severity_potential":"moderate"},{"id":14,"category":"Vehicles","name":"Hostile vehicle","description":"Vehicle as a weapon into a crowded place.","typical_controls":"HVM barriers/blockers; access control; standoff; NaCTSO advice.","legislation":"Martyn's Law 2025; NaCTSO","severity_potential":"catastrophic"},{"id":13,"category":"Vehicles","name":"Vehicle / pedestrian interface","description":"Movements during build, show and break near public.","typical_controls":"Segregation; banksmen; speed limits; timed deliveries; traffic plan.","legislation":"HSWA s.3; Purple Guide Vehicles","severity_potential":"high"},{"id":20,"category":"Water","name":"Drowning / water events","description":"Open water, docks, on-water activity.","typical_controls":"Water safety plan; barriers; throwlines; safety boat; RLSS cover.","legislation":"Purple Guide Water","severity_potential":"catastrophic"},{"id":10,"category":"Weather","name":"Extreme heat / cold","description":"Heat illness or hypothermia among crowd/crew.","typical_controls":"Water points; shade; welfare; medical; messaging.","legislation":"Purple Guide Weather","severity_potential":"moderate"},{"id":11,"category":"Weather","name":"Flooding / ground conditions","description":"Waterlogging, mud, slips, vehicle bogging.","typical_controls":"Site selection; drainage; trackway; access maintenance; cancellation triggers.","legislation":"HSWA s.3","severity_potential":"moderate"},{"id":8,"category":"Weather","name":"High wind","description":"Wind loading on structures, banners, tents.","typical_controls":"Wind management plan; per-structure max wind speed; monitoring; evacuation/strike triggers.","legislation":"IStructE TDS","severity_potential":"high"},{"id":9,"category":"Weather","name":"Lightning","description":"Electrical storm over open/exposed site.","typical_controls":"Lightning policy; monitoring; shelter/evacuation; 30/30 rule.","legislation":"HSWA s.3","severity_potential":"high"},{"id":32,"category":"Welfare","name":"Welfare / sanitation shortfall","description":"Insufficient toilets, water, waste, welfare.","typical_controls":"Provision to Purple Guide ratios; servicing; water; waste plan.","legislation":"Purple Guide Sanitation","severity_potential":"low"}],"standards":[{"id":23,"domain":"Counter-terror","parameter":"Martyn's Law standard tier","value_text":"200-799 capacity","source":"Terrorism (Protection of Premises) Act 2025","notes":"Basic procedures; in force ~April 2027."},{"id":24,"domain":"Counter-terror","parameter":"Martyn's Law enhanced tier","value_text":"800+ capacity","source":"Terrorism (Protection of Premises) Act 2025","notes":"Enhanced measures + documented assessment."},{"id":6,"domain":"Crowd density","parameter":"Standing terrace assessment density","value_text":"4.7 persons / m2","source":"Green Guide","notes":"Planning density for standing areas."},{"id":7,"domain":"Crowd density","parameter":"Onset of dangerous congestion","value_text":"> 6 persons / m2 unstable, injuries possible","source":"Crowd science (Still) / Green Guide","notes":"Avoid; crush risk rises sharply."},{"id":8,"domain":"Crowd density","parameter":"Reservoir/holding area max","value_text":"40 persons / 10 m2","source":"Green Guide","notes":"Maximum permitted holding density."},{"id":1,"domain":"Crowd egress","parameter":"Max flow rate, level surface","value_text":"82 persons / metre width / minute","source":"Green Guide (SGSA, 6th ed.)","notes":"Optimal/maximum; reduce for real conditions (observed often <60)."},{"id":2,"domain":"Crowd egress","parameter":"Max flow rate, stepped surface","value_text":"66 persons / metre width / minute","source":"Green Guide (SGSA, 6th ed.)","notes":"Stairways/steps."},{"id":3,"domain":"Crowd egress","parameter":"Turnstile flow rate","value_text":"11 persons / minute","source":"Green Guide","notes":"Per turnstile, entry."},{"id":4,"domain":"Crowd egress","parameter":"Limiting element","value_text":"Capacity = narrowest element of the exit system","source":"Green Guide","notes":"Bottleneck governs."},{"id":5,"domain":"Crowd egress","parameter":"Target emergency evacuation time","value_text":"Typically 8 minutes to a place of reasonable safety","source":"Green Guide / Purple Guide","notes":"Used with flow rate to size exits."},{"id":13,"domain":"Noise","parameter":"Off-site music noise level (MNL) concept","value_text":"Assessed at noise-sensitive facades vs venue category & events/year","source":"Noise Council Code 1995","notes":"\"Pop Code\" criteria."},{"id":14,"domain":"Noise","parameter":"Low-frequency guide","value_text":"Up to 70 dB in 63/125 Hz bands satisfactory; >=80 dB may cause significant disturbance","source":"Noise Council Code 1995","notes":"Octave-band check."},{"id":15,"domain":"Noise","parameter":"After 23:00","value_text":"Music should be inaudible within residential premises","source":"Noise Council Code 1995","notes":"Late-night criterion."},{"id":16,"domain":"Noise","parameter":"Typical FOH level","value_text":"~100 dB(A) at mix position; <95 dB(A) often unsatisfactory for audience","source":"Noise Council Code 1995","notes":"Audience-side context."},{"id":17,"domain":"Noise","parameter":"Worker noise action values","value_text":"Lower 80 dB(A); Upper 85 dB(A); ELV 87 dB(A)","source":"Control of Noise at Work Regs 2005","notes":"Crew/steward protection."},{"id":18,"domain":"Sanitation","parameter":"Toilets <6h event","value_text":"1 female WC / 100; 1 male WC / 500 + 1 urinal / 150","source":"Purple Guide Sanitation","notes":"Indicative baseline."},{"id":19,"domain":"Sanitation","parameter":"Toilets 6h+ low/no alcohol","value_text":"1 female WC / 85; 1 male WC / 425 + 1 urinal / 125","source":"Purple Guide Sanitation","notes":"Indicative."},{"id":20,"domain":"Sanitation","parameter":"Toilets 6h+ with alcohol & food","value_text":"1 female WC / 75; 1 male WC / 400 + 1 urinal / 100","source":"Purple Guide Sanitation","notes":"Indicative."},{"id":21,"domain":"Sanitation","parameter":"Hand washing","value_text":"~1 hand-wash unit per 5 toilets","source":"Purple Guide Sanitation","notes":"Plus accessible WC provision."},{"id":22,"domain":"Sanitation","parameter":"Accessible WC","value_text":"At least one dedicated accessible toilet","source":"Purple Guide / Equality Act 2010","notes":"Scale with attendance."},{"id":9,"domain":"Stewarding","parameter":"Indoor seated benchmark","value_text":"~1 steward per 250-300 attendees","source":"Purple Guide (indicative)","notes":"Risk-assessment-led; not a fixed rule."},{"id":10,"domain":"Stewarding","parameter":"Low-risk outdoor starting point","value_text":"~1 per 250","source":"Purple Guide (indicative)","notes":"Controlled access."},{"id":11,"domain":"Stewarding","parameter":"Outdoor music / movement","value_text":"~1 per 100-150","source":"Purple Guide (indicative)","notes":"Alcohol, multi-zone, movement."},{"id":12,"domain":"Stewarding","parameter":"High-risk zones","value_text":"as tight as 1 per 75 in specific zones","source":"Purple Guide (indicative)","notes":"Stewarding only; excludes security/medical."},{"id":25,"domain":"Structures","parameter":"TDS design documentation lead time","value_text":"Submit >= 28 days before event","source":"IStructE TDS / SAG practice","notes":"Drawings, calcs, certs, max wind speed."},{"id":26,"domain":"Structures","parameter":"Wind management","value_text":"Each temporary structure has a stated max safe wind speed and closure/strike trigger","source":"IStructE TDS","notes":"Defined in operations management plan."},{"id":27,"domain":"Structures","parameter":"Independent inspection","value_text":"Competent independent check before opening to public","source":"IStructE TDS","notes":"Verify built per design."}],"chapters":[{"id":1,"title":"Accessibility","summary":null},{"id":2,"title":"Adventure Sport Events","summary":null},{"id":3,"title":"Air Displays","summary":null},{"id":4,"title":"Amusements","summary":null},{"id":5,"title":"Animals & Welfare","summary":null},{"id":6,"title":"Barriers & Fencing","summary":null},{"id":7,"title":"Campsites","summary":null},{"id":8,"title":"Catering at Events","summary":null},{"id":9,"title":"Communications","summary":null},{"id":10,"title":"Contingency & Emergency Planning","summary":null},{"id":11,"title":"Counter Terrorism","summary":null},{"id":12,"title":"Crowd Management","summary":null},{"id":13,"title":"Dealing with Crime & Disorder","summary":null},{"id":15,"title":"Electrical & Lighting","summary":null},{"id":16,"title":"Equality, Diversity and Inclusion","summary":null},{"id":17,"title":"Events on or Around Water","summary":null},{"id":19,"title":"Fire Safety","summary":null},{"id":18,"title":"Fireworks","summary":null},{"id":20,"title":"Health & Safety Principles","summary":null},{"id":21,"title":"Information & Welfare","summary":null},{"id":22,"title":"Insurance","summary":null},{"id":23,"title":"Keeping Workers and Audiences Safe During a Pandemic","summary":null},{"id":24,"title":"Licensing","summary":null},{"id":25,"title":"Medical","summary":null},{"id":26,"title":"Noise","summary":null},{"id":27,"title":"Planning, Management & Risk Assessments","summary":null},{"id":28,"title":"Safe Use of LPG","summary":null},{"id":29,"title":"Safeguarding Children & Young People","summary":null},{"id":30,"title":"Safety Advisory Groups","summary":null},{"id":31,"title":"Sanitation","summary":null},{"id":32,"title":"Special Effects","summary":null},{"id":33,"title":"Sustainability","summary":null},{"id":34,"title":"Temporary Demountable Structures","summary":null},{"id":35,"title":"Transport Management","summary":null},{"id":14,"title":"Unmanned Aircraft Systems (Drones)","summary":null},{"id":36,"title":"Vehicles","summary":null},{"id":37,"title":"Venue & Site Design","summary":null},{"id":38,"title":"Volunteers","summary":null},{"id":39,"title":"Waste Management","summary":null},{"id":40,"title":"Weather","summary":null},{"id":41,"title":"Working at Height","summary":null},{"id":42,"title":"Working with the Police","summary":null},{"id":43,"title":"Zone Ex","summary":null}],"glossary":[{"term":"ALARP","expansion":"As Low As Reasonably Practicable","definition":"Risk reduced to a reasonably practicable minimum."},{"term":"CBRN","expansion":"Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear","definition":"Hazardous-materials threat category."},{"term":"CDM","expansion":"Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015","definition":"Duties for construction work incl. event build/break."},{"term":"DPS","expansion":"Designated Premises Supervisor","definition":"Named individual on a premises licence (Licensing Act 2003)."},{"term":"ESP","expansion":"Event Safety Plan","definition":"Master document setting out how event safety is managed."},{"term":"FOH","expansion":"Front of House","definition":"Audience-facing mix/control position."},{"term":"FRA","expansion":"Fire Risk Assessment","definition":"Assessment under fire-safety law."},{"term":"GDPR","expansion":"General Data Protection Regulation (UK)","definition":"Data protection framework (with DPA 2018)."},{"term":"HVM","expansion":"Hostile Vehicle Mitigation","definition":"Measures to stop vehicle-as-weapon attacks."},{"term":"JESIP","expansion":"Joint Emergency Services Interoperability Principles","definition":"Multi-agency major-incident working."},{"term":"LRF","expansion":"Local Resilience Forum","definition":"Multi-agency civil-contingencies partnership."},{"term":"MNL","expansion":"Music Noise Level","definition":"Off-site music level assessed at sensitive facades (Pop Code)."},{"term":"MTA","expansion":"Marauding Terrorist Attack","definition":"Mobile armed attacker scenario."},{"term":"PEEP","expansion":"Personal Emergency Evacuation Plan","definition":"Tailored evacuation plan for a person needing assistance."},{"term":"RA","expansion":"Risk Assessment","definition":"Suitable & sufficient assessment of risks (MHSWR Reg 3)."},{"term":"RIDDOR","expansion":"Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regs","definition":"Statutory incident reporting to HSE."},{"term":"SAG","expansion":"Safety Advisory Group","definition":"Multi-agency group advising on event safety; advisory, not an approval body."},{"term":"SIA","expansion":"Security Industry Authority","definition":"Regulator licensing the private security industry."},{"term":"TDS","expansion":"Temporary Demountable Structures","definition":"Stages, marquees, grandstands, barriers, towers."},{"term":"TEN","expansion":"Temporary Event Notice","definition":"Short-notice licensable activity permission (E&W)."}],"regulators":[{"name":"Health and Safety Executive","abbrev":"HSE","remit":"National H&S regulator; some events/construction.","url":"https://www.hse.gov.uk"},{"name":"Local Authority (Environmental Health)","abbrev":"LA/EHO","remit":"H&S for many entertainment venues; food; nuisance; licensing.","url":"https://www.gov.uk"},{"name":"Fire and Rescue Service","abbrev":"FRS","remit":"Fire safety enforcement (RRFSO E&W).","url":"https://www.gov.uk"},{"name":"Scottish Fire and Rescue Service","abbrev":"SFRS","remit":"Fire safety enforcement in Scotland.","url":"https://www.firescotland.gov.uk"},{"name":"Security Industry Authority","abbrev":"SIA","remit":"Licensing of private security; Martyn's Law regulator.","url":"https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/security-industry-authority"},{"name":"Sports Grounds Safety Authority","abbrev":"SGSA","remit":"Sports-ground safety; Green Guide.","url":"https://sgsa.org.uk"},{"name":"Civil Aviation Authority","abbrev":"CAA","remit":"Airspace, drones, air displays.","url":"https://www.caa.co.uk"},{"name":"Licensing Authority / Board","abbrev":"LA","remit":"Premises licensing (E&W council / Scottish board).","url":"https://www.gov.uk"},{"name":"Information Commissioner's Office","abbrev":"ICO","remit":"Data protection (CCTV, ANPR, ticketing).","url":"https://ico.org.uk"},{"name":"Police","abbrev":"Police","remit":"Crime, disorder, counter-terrorism, public order.","url":"https://www.police.uk"}],"staffing_roles":[{"role":"Steward","function":"Crowd management, info, ingress/egress, basic safety","sia_required":0,"ratio_guidance":"See standards: 1 per 75-300 by risk/zone","source":"Purple Guide Crowd Management"},{"role":"SIA Security Officer","function":"Guarding, ejection, conflict, asset protection","sia_required":1,"ratio_guidance":"Risk-led; in addition to stewards","source":"PSIA 2001"},{"role":"SIA Door Supervisor","function":"Entry control where alcohol/licensed","sia_required":1,"ratio_guidance":"Per licence conditions","source":"PSIA 2001 / Licensing"},{"role":"Pit / barrier team","function":"Front-of-stage crowd care and extraction","sia_required":0,"ratio_guidance":"Per barrier length & audience profile","source":"Purple Guide"},{"role":"Event Medical (first aider)","function":"Basic first aid provision","sia_required":0,"ratio_guidance":"Per Purple Guide medical needs assessment","source":"Purple Guide Medical"},{"role":"Paramedic / clinician","function":"Advanced care for higher-risk events","sia_required":0,"ratio_guidance":"Per medical needs assessment","source":"Purple Guide Medical"},{"role":"Traffic marshal / banksman","function":"Vehicle movements and parking","sia_required":0,"ratio_guidance":"Per traffic plan","source":"Purple Guide Vehicles"},{"role":"Fire marshal","function":"Fire watch, extinguisher response, evac support","sia_required":0,"ratio_guidance":"Per fire risk assessment","source":"RRFSO / Fire (Scotland) Act"},{"role":"Welfare worker","function":"Vulnerable persons, drugs/alcohol, lost children","sia_required":0,"ratio_guidance":"Per audience profile","source":"Purple Guide Welfare"},{"role":"Radio / control operator","function":"Comms net and incident logging","sia_required":0,"ratio_guidance":"Per comms plan","source":"Purple Guide Communications"}],"emergency_plan_types":[{"name":"Evacuation","category":"Movement","description":"Move people OUT of the venue to assembly areas.","typical_triggers":"Fire, structural failure, gas leak, flood, credible threat outside."},{"name":"Invacuation","category":"Movement","description":"Move people IN / to safer internal areas.","typical_triggers":"External threat, hostile vehicle, severe weather, attack nearby."},{"name":"Lockdown","category":"Security","description":"Secure people in place; control access.","typical_triggers":"Marauding attacker, active threat on site."},{"name":"Shelter in place","category":"Weather/CBRN","description":"Hold people under cover.","typical_triggers":"Lightning, CBRN, debris, short-duration hazard."},{"name":"Show stop","category":"Performance","description":"Human-authorised pause of the event/performance.","typical_triggers":"Crowd density, medical, weather, security escalation."},{"name":"Severe weather","category":"Weather","description":"Staged response to wind/rain/heat/lightning.","typical_triggers":"Forecast/observed thresholds breached."},{"name":"Fire","category":"Fire","description":"Detection, attack, evacuation and FRS handover.","typical_triggers":"Fire detected/reported."},{"name":"Bomb threat / suspect item","category":"Security","description":"Assess (HOT/4C), cordon, evacuate or invacuate.","typical_triggers":"Threat call or unattended item."},{"name":"Marauding terrorist attack","category":"Security","description":"Run-Hide-Tell, lockdown, armed-response interface.","typical_triggers":"Active attacker."},{"name":"Structural collapse","category":"Structural","description":"Rescue, exclusion, casualty management.","typical_triggers":"Stage/grandstand/marquee failure."},{"name":"Medical surge / mass casualty","category":"Medical","description":"Escalate medical, triage, ambulance/hospital liaison.","typical_triggers":"Multiple casualties."},{"name":"Missing / found child","category":"Safeguarding","description":"Reunification and search procedure.","typical_triggers":"Child reported missing/found."},{"name":"Power failure","category":"Infrastructure","description":"Maintain life-safety systems and orderly response.","typical_triggers":"Loss of mains/generator."},{"name":"Counter-terror (Martyn's Law)","category":"Security","description":"Preparedness and response measures by tier.","typical_triggers":"Threat level change, hostile reconnaissance."}],"record_types":[{"name":"Event Safety Plan","purpose":"Master safety management document.","legal_basis":"HSWA s.2/s.3; MHSWR","retention":"Keep with event file; retain post-event."},{"name":"Risk Assessment","purpose":"Records significant hazards and controls.","legal_basis":"MHSWR Reg 3","retention":"Retain; review on change."},{"name":"Fire Risk Assessment","purpose":"Fire-specific assessment and emergency plan.","legal_basis":"RRFSO / Fire (Scotland) Act","retention":"Retain and review."},{"name":"Capacity calculation","purpose":"Justifies safe capacity (occupancy vs egress).","legal_basis":"Green Guide / Licensing","retention":"Retain with plan."},{"name":"Method statements (RAMS)","purpose":"Safe systems of work for contractors.","legal_basis":"HSWA / CDM","retention":"Retain for build/break."},{"name":"Structural documentation","purpose":"TDS drawings, calcs, certs, completion/handover.","legal_basis":"IStructE TDS / CDM","retention":"Retain; submit to SAG ~28 days prior."},{"name":"SAG minutes / advice","purpose":"Record of multi-agency advice and actions.","legal_basis":"Good practice","retention":"Retain as evidence."},{"name":"Decision log","purpose":"On-the-day decisions, who/when/why.","legal_basis":"Evidential (CMCHA defence)","retention":"Retain after event."},{"name":"Incident / near-miss log","purpose":"Records incidents and actions.","legal_basis":"RIDDOR where reportable","retention":"Retain; report RIDDOR items."},{"name":"Briefing records","purpose":"Steward/staff briefings and attendees.","legal_basis":"Good practice","retention":"Retain."},{"name":"Sign-off / approvals","purpose":"Document approvals and competence evidence.","legal_basis":"MHSWR Reg 7","retention":"Retain."},{"name":"Insurance certificates","purpose":"Proof of PL/EL and any PI cover in force.","legal_basis":"EL Compulsory Insurance Act 1969","retention":"Retain per statutory period."}],"sag_agencies":[{"agency":"Local Authority (events/licensing/EHO)","contribution":"Chairs SAG; licensing, H&S, food, nuisance advice."},{"agency":"Police","contribution":"Crime, disorder, public order, counter-terror, traffic."},{"agency":"Fire and Rescue Service","contribution":"Fire safety, structures, access for appliances."},{"agency":"Ambulance Service / NHS","contribution":"Medical provision adequacy, hospital interface."},{"agency":"Highways / Roads Authority","contribution":"Road closures, traffic management, signage."},{"agency":"Building Control","contribution":"Temporary structures and safety certification."},{"agency":"Coastguard / RNLI (water events)","contribution":"On/around-water safety."},{"agency":"Public health","contribution":"Sanitation, communicable disease, welfare."},{"agency":"Event organiser / safety officer","contribution":"Presents plans; owns delivery of controls."}],"templates":[{"name":"Event Safety Plan","kind":"event_safety_plan","description":"Master ESP skeleton aligned to Purple Guide structure."},{"name":"Risk Assessment","kind":"risk_assessment","description":"5x5 risk-matrix assessment template."},{"name":"Show-Stop Procedure","kind":"method_statement","description":"Human-authorised show stop / resume."}],"checklist":[{"seq":10,"category":"Governance","item":"Event Safety Officer / competent person appointed in writing","legal_basis":"MHSWR 1999","guidance":"MHSWR Reg 7 — competence on record."},{"seq":20,"category":"Risk","item":"Suitable & sufficient risk assessment completed and significant findings recorded","legal_basis":"MHSWR 1999","guidance":"MHSWR Reg 3 / HSWA s.3."},{"seq":30,"category":"Fire","item":"Fire risk assessment completed; exits, signage and evacuation confirmed","legal_basis":"RRFSO 2005","guidance":"RRFSO 2005 Arts 9 & 14."},{"seq":40,"category":"Capacity","item":"Safe capacity agreed (lower of occupancy vs egress); limiting factor documented","legal_basis":"Green Guide","guidance":"Green/Purple Guide crowd calcs."},{"seq":50,"category":"Licensing","item":"Licence conditions reviewed; public-safety conditions deliverable","legal_basis":"Licensing Act 2003","guidance":"Licensing Act 2003 s.4 objectives."},{"seq":60,"category":"Structures","item":"Temporary structures designed/certified; build & break under CDM","legal_basis":"CDM 2015","guidance":"CDM 2015 — designer/contractor competence."},{"seq":70,"category":"Medical","item":"Medical/first-aid cover assessed against attendance and risk profile","legal_basis":"Purple Guide","guidance":"Purple Guide medical planning."},{"seq":80,"category":"Stewarding","item":"Stewarding/security numbers & ratios set; SIA where required; briefed","legal_basis":"HSWA 1974","guidance":"HSWA s.2/s.3; SIA licensing."},{"seq":90,"category":"Emergency","item":"Evacuation, invacuation, weather and show-stop plans written and briefed","legal_basis":"RRFSO 2005","guidance":"RRFSO + Purple Guide emergency planning."},{"seq":100,"category":"Counter-terror","item":"Martyn's Law tier assessed; preparedness measures in place","legal_basis":"Martyn's Law 2025","guidance":"Terrorism (Protection of Premises) Act 2025."},{"seq":110,"category":"SAG","item":"Safety Advisory Group engaged; advice recorded and actioned","legal_basis":"Purple Guide","guidance":"Multi-agency; advice is evidential."},{"seq":120,"category":"Insurance","item":"Public/employer liability and any professional indemnity confirmed in force","legal_basis":null,"guidance":"Risk transfer / personal protection."},{"seq":130,"category":"Comms","item":"Radio plan, control point and escalation routes tested","legal_basis":null,"guidance":"Operational readiness."},{"seq":140,"category":"Records","item":"Decision log, briefings and sign-offs ready to capture on the day","legal_basis":"CMCHA 2007","guidance":"Evidential trail vs CMCHA / GNM exposure."}],"levels":[{"id":1,"name":"Steward / Volunteer","audience":"Front-line stewards, marshals, volunteers, first-time helpers","framing":"Plain English: what to do, what to watch for, who to tell."},{"id":2,"name":"Organiser","audience":"Event organisers, duty/venue managers, deputies","framing":"How to set the event up safely and what provision to put in place."},{"id":3,"name":"Safety Officer","audience":"Appointed event safety officer / competent person","framing":"Full duties, standards, citations and the evidential trail."},{"id":4,"name":"SAG / Professional","audience":"Safety Advisory Group, consultants, enforcing authorities","framing":"Everything, including cross-references, jurisdiction nuance and assurance."}],"guide":[{"seq":10,"phase":"Structure","title":"How an event's safety is organised","summary":"Every event has one person or organisation legally responsible for safety — the organiser. They appoint a competent person (the event safety officer) to plan and run safety, supported by stewards, security and specialists. Everyone has a part to play and a duty to look after themselves and others.","detail":"A typical safety structure:\n- Organiser / promoter — accountable; holds the primary legal duty.\n- Event Safety Officer (competent person) — owns the safety plan and on-the-day decisions.\n- Deputies / duty managers — run zones or functions.\n- Stewards & SIA security — crowd care, access, conflict.\n- Specialists — medical, fire, structures, traffic, comms.\nDraw it as an org chart so reporting lines and who-decides-what are clear before the day.","advanced":"The role title \"safety officer\" is not a statutory office — duties attach via what is delegated and via HSWA s.7 (every employee) and s.37 (managers/officers). The organiser keeps the primary s.2/s.3 duty; appointing a competent person is itself a duty (MHSWR Reg 7). Map each control in the plan to a named owner with the authority to deliver it.","related":"HSWA 1974,MHSWR 1999","min_level":1},{"seq":20,"phase":"Structure","title":"Who's who — roles at a glance","summary":"Know who does what, and who to escalate to. If you see something unsafe, tell a steward, supervisor or the control room straight away — never assume someone else has.","detail":"Use the Reference > Liability view and the relationship map to see how each role connects to legal duties. Brief every role before doors open: their patch, their reporting line, the radio call sign, and the emergency signals.","advanced":"Confirm competence for safety-critical roles (SIA licences, first-aid/clinical scope, rigging/structures, traffic management). Keep the evidence — competence is a legal expectation and the first thing scrutinised after an incident.","related":"PSIA 2001,MHSWR 1999","min_level":1},{"seq":30,"phase":"Planning","title":"Plan the event in phases","summary":"Good events are planned in stages, not in a panic the week before. Roughly: idea → check it's feasible → plan it → agree it with the authorities → build → run → take down → review.","detail":"Phases:\n- Concept & feasibility — date, venue, audience, licensable activities.\n- Planning — risk assessment, safety plan, provision (medical, stewarding, welfare).\n- Consultation — Safety Advisory Group (SAG), licence application.\n- Pre-event — build, inspections, sign-offs, briefings.\n- Live — control room, monitoring, dynamic risk, decision log.\n- Break / load-out — safe de-rig.\n- Debrief — what worked, what to fix, records retained.","advanced":"Anchor the timeline to fixed lead times: temporary structure documentation ~28 days before; SAG submissions per local authority deadlines; licence/TEN statutory periods. Build the assurance trail as you go — it is far cheaper than reconstructing it after the event.","related":"CDM 2015,Licensing Act 2003,Licensing (Scotland) 2005","min_level":1},{"seq":40,"phase":"Planning","title":"Scale your provision to the risk","summary":"A village fete and a 5,000-capacity music night need very different provision. Match medical cover, stewarding, toilets, welfare and security to how big and how risky the event is — not just headcount.","detail":"Drivers that increase provision: large or dense crowds, alcohol, standing/movement, young audiences or children, camping, water, weather exposure, long duration, night-time. Use the Standards tab for crowd, stewarding, sanitation and noise figures.","advanced":"The Purple Guide is explicit that medical needs are a needs-assessment, not a pure score sheet. Document your reasoning for each provision level so it can be defended; record where you departed from indicative ratios and why.","related":"Purple Guide,Green Guide","min_level":1},{"seq":50,"phase":"Planning","title":"Engage the Safety Advisory Group (SAG)","summary":"For anything beyond a small event, the local authority runs a Safety Advisory Group — police, fire, ambulance, health and others — that reviews your plans and advises. It is advisory, not an approval body, but its advice carries weight if anything goes wrong.","detail":"Bring to SAG: event summary, site plan, risk assessment, capacity calculation, stewarding/medical plans, traffic plan and emergency procedures. Record the advice given and what you did about it.","advanced":"SAG advice is evidential. Acting against it without a documented, reasoned basis is a significant exposure. Align your plan to the multi-agency picture (JESIP, the Local Resilience Forum) for anything with major-incident potential.","related":"JESIP,CCA 2004","min_level":2},{"seq":55,"phase":"Consultation","title":"Scotland: licensing & the legal regime","summary":"If your event is in Scotland, some of the law is different. Alcohol is licensed under the Licensing (Scotland) Act 2005, public entertainment is licensed by the council under the Civic Government (Scotland) Act 1982, and fire safety follows the Fire (Scotland) Act 2005 — not the England & Wales equivalents.","detail":"Check early with the council whether a public entertainment licence (or temporary public entertainment licence) is needed — requirements and lead times vary by local authority. Alcohol needs an Occasional Licence or extension from the Licensing Board. Set your nation under My Event so the advisor points you at the right regime.","advanced":"Occupiers' liability in Scotland is the Occupiers' Liability (Scotland) Act 1960. The HSWA, CDM, COSHH and other GB-wide duties still apply unchanged. Scottish SAGs operate similarly but engage Police Scotland and the Scottish Fire and Rescue Service.","related":"Licensing (Scotland) 2005,Civic Government (Scotland) 1982,Fire (Scotland) Act 2005,OL(Scotland) 1960","min_level":2},{"seq":60,"phase":"Documents","title":"The safety document set","summary":"Events run on a small set of documents. The big ones are the Event Safety Plan, the Risk Assessment and the Fire Risk Assessment. These say what the risks are and how you're controlling them.","detail":"Core set: Event Safety Plan, Risk Assessment, Fire Risk Assessment, capacity calculation, contractor method statements (RAMS), structural documentation, SAG record, decision log, incident log, briefing records and sign-offs. See Reference > (records) and the checklist tab.","advanced":"Treat documents as live: version them, control approvals, and retain post-event. The decision log and incident log are the single biggest protection if an incident is investigated under HSWA, the Fire Safety Order/Fire (Scotland) Act, or corporate manslaughter.","related":"MHSWR 1999,RRFSO 2005,Fire (Scotland) Act 2005,CMCHA 2007","min_level":1},{"seq":70,"phase":"Site","title":"Designing the site safely","summary":"Lay the site out so people can get in, move around, and get out easily and safely — with clear entrances, exits, signage and space for the crowd you expect.","detail":"Get right: entrances/exits and their widths, crowd flow and pinch points, emergency vehicle access, fire points, welfare (toilets, water, first aid), and segregation of vehicles from pedestrians. Use the Capacity calculator to size occupancy vs egress.","advanced":"Capacity is the lower of occupancy (area × density) and egress (exit width × flow rate × time), limited by the narrowest element. Temporary structures need compliant design, a stated max wind speed with a closure/strike trigger, and independent inspection before opening.","related":"Green Guide,IStructE TDS","min_level":1},{"seq":80,"phase":"Delivery","title":"Running the event on the day","summary":"On the day, there's usually a control point that coordinates everything by radio. Stay on your patch, keep your radio on, report anything unusual, and follow instructions from control.","detail":"Stand up: a control room/point, a radio net with clear call signs, a log of decisions and incidents, and a routine for monitoring crowd density and welfare. Brief everyone before doors. Practise dynamic risk assessment — conditions change.","advanced":"Control should own the common operating picture and the authority to act (including show-stop). Time-stamp decisions with who/why. For multi-agency incidents apply JESIP: co-locate, communicate, co-ordinate, jointly assess risk, share situational awareness.","related":"JESIP","min_level":1},{"seq":90,"phase":"Delivery","title":"Emergencies & stopping the show","summary":"Know the emergency signals and your part in them before the event starts — evacuation, what to do in bad weather, and how a \"show stop\" works. If in doubt, raise it; stopping early is always better than acting too late.","detail":"Pre-write your emergency plans: evacuation, invacuation, severe weather, medical surge, missing child, fire and show-stop. Make sure everyone knows the triggers and signals. See Reference > Emergency plan types.","advanced":"Show-stop should be human-authorised with a clear arm → trigger → cascade → resume routine, evidence-logged. Counter-terrorism (Martyn's Law, from ~April 2027) adds preparedness duties by capacity tier — fold the relevant measures into the same framework.","related":"Martyn's Law 2025","min_level":1},{"seq":100,"phase":"Close","title":"Sign-off, debrief & records","summary":"After the event, capture what happened and what could be better, and keep the paperwork. It protects you and makes the next event safer.","detail":"Hold a debrief, record lessons, close out incident actions, and retain the document set (plans, logs, sign-offs, insurance). Feed improvements into next time.","advanced":"Retain records per statutory periods (e.g. RIDDOR-reportable incidents, EL insurance certificates). A documented review closes the management loop that corporate-manslaughter and gross-negligence cases probe.","related":"RIDDOR 2013,CMCHA 2007","min_level":2}],"advisor_questions":[{"id":1,"seq":10,"question":"Where is the event held?","multi":0,"help":"Outdoor sites add weather, ground and structure considerations."},{"id":2,"seq":20,"question":"Roughly how many people at the busiest time?","multi":0,"help":"Drives capacity, SAG engagement and Martyn's Law tier."},{"id":3,"seq":30,"question":"Will alcohol be sold or available?","multi":0,"help":"Affects licensing, security, welfare and medical demand."},{"id":4,"seq":40,"question":"Will there be amplified music or entertainment?","multi":0,"help":"Affects noise control and licensing."},{"id":5,"seq":50,"question":"Any temporary structures? (stage, marquee, grandstand, tower, big screen)","multi":0,"help":"Brings structural and construction duties."},{"id":6,"seq":60,"question":"Fireworks, pyrotechnics or special effects?","multi":0,"help":null},{"id":7,"seq":70,"question":"On, in or near water?","multi":0,"help":null},{"id":8,"seq":80,"question":"Significant numbers of children or young people?","multi":0,"help":null},{"id":9,"seq":90,"question":"Overnight camping?","multi":0,"help":null},{"id":10,"seq":100,"question":"Moving vehicles near the public, or road closures?","multi":0,"help":null},{"id":11,"seq":110,"question":"Animals present or taking part?","multi":0,"help":null},{"id":12,"seq":120,"question":"Drones or any aerial display?","multi":0,"help":null},{"id":13,"seq":130,"question":"Hot-food catering using LPG/gas?","multi":0,"help":null},{"id":14,"seq":140,"question":"Is the crowd likely to be lively? (standing, pop/dance, surging)","multi":0,"help":null}],"advisor_options":[{"id":1,"question_id":1,"seq":1,"label":"Indoor venue","triggers":""},{"id":2,"question_id":1,"seq":2,"label":"Outdoor","triggers":"outdoor"},{"id":3,"question_id":1,"seq":3,"label":"Both indoor and outdoor","triggers":"outdoor"},{"id":4,"question_id":2,"seq":1,"label":"Under 200","triggers":""},{"id":5,"question_id":2,"seq":2,"label":"200 – 799","triggers":"sag,martyns_std"},{"id":6,"question_id":2,"seq":3,"label":"800 – 4,999","triggers":"sag,martyns_enh,bigcrowd"},{"id":7,"question_id":2,"seq":4,"label":"5,000 or more","triggers":"sag,martyns_enh,bigcrowd"},{"id":8,"question_id":3,"seq":1,"label":"Yes","triggers":"alcohol"},{"id":9,"question_id":3,"seq":2,"label":"No","triggers":""},{"id":10,"question_id":4,"seq":1,"label":"Yes, finishes by 23:00","triggers":"noise"},{"id":11,"question_id":4,"seq":2,"label":"Yes, continues after 23:00","triggers":"noise,latenoise"},{"id":12,"question_id":4,"seq":3,"label":"No","triggers":""},{"id":13,"question_id":5,"seq":1,"label":"Yes","triggers":"structures"},{"id":14,"question_id":5,"seq":2,"label":"No","triggers":""},{"id":15,"question_id":6,"seq":1,"label":"Yes","triggers":"pyro"},{"id":16,"question_id":6,"seq":2,"label":"No","triggers":""},{"id":17,"question_id":7,"seq":1,"label":"Yes","triggers":"water"},{"id":18,"question_id":7,"seq":2,"label":"No","triggers":""},{"id":19,"question_id":8,"seq":1,"label":"Yes","triggers":"children"},{"id":20,"question_id":8,"seq":2,"label":"No","triggers":""},{"id":21,"question_id":9,"seq":1,"label":"Yes","triggers":"camping"},{"id":22,"question_id":9,"seq":2,"label":"No","triggers":""},{"id":23,"question_id":10,"seq":1,"label":"Yes","triggers":"traffic"},{"id":24,"question_id":10,"seq":2,"label":"No","triggers":""},{"id":25,"question_id":11,"seq":1,"label":"Yes","triggers":"animals"},{"id":26,"question_id":11,"seq":2,"label":"No","triggers":""},{"id":27,"question_id":12,"seq":1,"label":"Yes","triggers":"air"},{"id":28,"question_id":12,"seq":2,"label":"No","triggers":""},{"id":29,"question_id":13,"seq":1,"label":"Yes","triggers":"catering"},{"id":30,"question_id":13,"seq":2,"label":"No","triggers":""},{"id":31,"question_id":14,"seq":1,"label":"Yes","triggers":"crowd"},{"id":32,"question_id":14,"seq":2,"label":"No","triggers":""}],"advisor_advice":[{"token":"always","category":"Foundations","title":"Risk assessment & Event Safety Plan","body":"Produce a suitable and sufficient risk assessment and an Event Safety Plan. Appoint a competent person to own safety. These underpin everything else.","related":"MHSWR 1999,HSWA 1974","priority":100},{"token":"always","category":"Foundations","title":"Fire safety","body":"Carry out a fire risk assessment: means of escape, exits kept clear, signage, extinguishers and an evacuation plan.","related":"RRFSO 2005,Fire (Scotland) Act 2005","priority":95},{"token":"always","category":"Foundations","title":"First aid & medical cover","body":"Provide first aid as a minimum; scale medical provision to the event using a medical needs-assessment (see the Medical tool).","related":"First-Aid Regs 1981,Purple Guide","priority":90},{"token":"martyns_enh","category":"Security","title":"Martyn's Law — enhanced tier (800+)","body":"Likely in scope at the enhanced tier from ~April 2027: a documented assessment and enhanced measures to reduce vulnerability and harm. Engage counter-terrorism advice now.","related":"Martyn's Law 2025,NaCTSO / ProtectUK","priority":88},{"token":"alcohol","category":"Licensing","title":"Licensing & alcohol controls","body":"Selling/supplying alcohol needs authorisation (premises licence/TEN, or the Scottish equivalent). Plan SIA door supervision, a search/refusal policy and extra welfare and medical capacity.","related":"Licensing Act 2003,Licensing (Scotland) 2005,PSIA 2001","priority":86},{"token":"sag","category":"Consultation","title":"Engage the Safety Advisory Group (SAG)","body":"For an event this size, engage the local authority SAG early. Bring your plans, site plan, risk assessment and capacity calculation; record their advice.","related":"JESIP","priority":85},{"token":"bigcrowd","category":"Crowd","title":"Crowd management at scale","body":"Larger crowds need a crowd management plan: density monitoring, flow design, pinch-point control and a defined safe capacity. Increase stewarding and medical accordingly.","related":"Green Guide,HSG154","priority":84},{"token":"structures","category":"Structures","title":"Temporary structures","body":"Stages, marquees, grandstands and towers need compliant design, a stated maximum safe wind speed with a closure/strike trigger, and independent inspection before opening. Submit documentation ~28 days ahead.","related":"IStructE TDS,CDM 2015","priority":83},{"token":"martyns_std","category":"Security","title":"Martyn's Law — standard tier (200–799)","body":"Likely in scope at the standard tier from ~April 2027: put in place public-protection procedures, staff awareness and emergency arrangements.","related":"Martyn's Law 2025,NaCTSO / ProtectUK","priority":82},{"token":"outdoor","category":"Site & weather","title":"Weather & ground conditions","body":"Plan for wind, rain, heat and lightning with monitoring and trigger points. Consider ground conditions, drainage and access in poor weather.","related":"Purple Guide","priority":80},{"token":"crowd","category":"Crowd","title":"Lively / standing crowds","body":"Plan front-of-stage barriers, pit teams, density monitoring and an act-stop/show-stop protocol. Watch for surges and crushing.","related":"Green Guide,HSG154","priority":80},{"token":"outdoor","category":"Site & weather","title":"Site design","body":"Lay out entrances, exits, signage, emergency vehicle access and pedestrian/vehicle segregation. Size capacity with the Capacity calculator.","related":"Green Guide","priority":78},{"token":"water","category":"Water","title":"Events on or near water","body":"Produce a water safety plan: edge protection, throwlines, a safety boat and appropriate rescue cover (e.g. RLSS).","related":"Purple Guide","priority":77},{"token":"pyro","category":"Special effects","title":"Fireworks, pyro & special effects","body":"Use a competent operator with a firing plan, exclusion zones and a fallout assessment. Provide fire cover. Control flame/CO2/laser effects under a method statement.","related":"Explosives Regs 2014,DSEAR 2002","priority":75},{"token":"children","category":"Safeguarding","title":"Children & young people","body":"Adopt a safeguarding policy and a missing-and-found-child procedure. Use vetted staff for relevant roles and a reunification point.","related":"Equality Act 2010","priority":72},{"token":"always","category":"Foundations","title":"Insurance","body":"Confirm public liability (and employers' liability if you have staff/volunteers) is in force.","related":"","priority":70},{"token":"traffic","category":"Traffic","title":"Traffic & transport","body":"Produce a traffic management plan: vehicle/pedestrian segregation, banksmen, parking and any road closures agreed with the roads authority.","related":"Purple Guide","priority":68},{"token":"always","category":"Emergencies","title":"Emergency procedures","body":"Pre-write and brief: evacuation, severe weather, medical surge, missing child and a way to stop the event if needed.","related":"","priority":65},{"token":"always","category":"Welfare","title":"Welfare, water & sanitation","body":"Provide toilets, drinking water, waste and welfare scaled to attendance and duration. Include accessible facilities.","related":"Purple Guide,Equality Act 2010","priority":60},{"token":"camping","category":"Campsites","title":"Overnight camping","body":"Plan campsite layout with fire separation, lighting, 24-hour welfare and medical cover, and security.","related":"Purple Guide","priority":58},{"token":"catering","category":"Catering","title":"Catering & LPG","body":"Gas catering must be installed by a competent (Gas Safe) person with bottle separation and fire cover. Meet food safety and allergen duties.","related":"Gas Safety 1998,DSEAR 2002,Food Safety Act 1990","priority":57},{"token":"noise","category":"Noise","title":"Noise management","body":"Manage audience and off-site noise. Use the Pop Code criteria at noise-sensitive properties; protect workers from noise exposure.","related":"Noise Council Code 1995,Noise at Work 2005,EPA 1990","priority":55},{"token":"latenoise","category":"Noise","title":"Late-night noise","body":"After 23:00 music should be inaudible within residential premises. Agree a curfew and monitoring with the local authority.","related":"Noise Council Code 1995","priority":54},{"token":"air","category":"Aviation","title":"Drones / aerial displays","body":"Obtain CAA permissions and a flight plan; keep aircraft/drones clear of the crowd. Air displays need specific authorisation.","related":"ANO 2016","priority":50},{"token":"animals","category":"Animals","title":"Animals at the event","body":"Meet animal welfare duties; separate animals from the public with barriers and provide handwashing where there is contact.","related":"Animal Welfare 2006","priority":45}],"medical_factors":[{"id":1,"category":"A · Nature of event","seq":1,"label":"Classical performance","points":2},{"id":2,"category":"A · Nature of event","seq":2,"label":"Public exhibition","points":3},{"id":3,"category":"A · Nature of event","seq":3,"label":"Pop / rock concert","points":5},{"id":4,"category":"A · Nature of event","seq":4,"label":"Dance event","points":8},{"id":5,"category":"A · Nature of event","seq":5,"label":"Agricultural / country show","points":2},{"id":6,"category":"A · Nature of event","seq":6,"label":"Marine","points":3},{"id":7,"category":"A · Nature of event","seq":7,"label":"Motorcycle display","points":3},{"id":8,"category":"A · Nature of event","seq":8,"label":"Aviation","points":3},{"id":9,"category":"A · Nature of event","seq":9,"label":"Motor sport","points":4},{"id":10,"category":"A · Nature of event","seq":10,"label":"State occasion","points":2},{"id":11,"category":"A · Nature of event","seq":11,"label":"VIP visit / summit","points":3},{"id":12,"category":"A · Nature of event","seq":12,"label":"Music festival","points":3},{"id":13,"category":"A · Nature of event","seq":13,"label":"Bonfire / pyrotechnic display","points":4},{"id":14,"category":"A · Nature of event","seq":14,"label":"New Year celebrations","points":7},{"id":15,"category":"A · Nature of event","seq":15,"label":"March / demo — low risk of disorder","points":2},{"id":16,"category":"A · Nature of event","seq":16,"label":"March / demo — medium risk of disorder","points":5},{"id":17,"category":"A · Nature of event","seq":17,"label":"March / demo — high risk of disorder","points":7},{"id":18,"category":"A · Nature of event","seq":18,"label":"March / demo — opposing factions","points":9},{"id":19,"category":"B · Venue","seq":1,"label":"Indoor","points":1},{"id":20,"category":"B · Venue","seq":2,"label":"Stadium","points":2},{"id":21,"category":"B · Venue","seq":3,"label":"Outdoor in confined location (e.g. park)","points":2},{"id":22,"category":"B · Venue","seq":4,"label":"Other outdoor (e.g. festival)","points":3},{"id":23,"category":"B · Venue","seq":5,"label":"Widespread public location in streets","points":4},{"id":24,"category":"B · Venue","seq":6,"label":"Temporary outdoor structures","points":4},{"id":25,"category":"B · Venue","seq":7,"label":"Includes overnight camping","points":5},{"id":26,"category":"C · Standing / seated","seq":1,"label":"Seated","points":1},{"id":27,"category":"C · Standing / seated","seq":2,"label":"Mixed","points":2},{"id":28,"category":"C · Standing / seated","seq":3,"label":"Standing","points":3},{"id":29,"category":"D · Audience profile","seq":1,"label":"Full mix, 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